Which term refers specifically to the phenomena of society excessively reacting to perceived threats?

The term "moral panic" specifically refers to the phenomenon where society reacts excessively to perceived threats, often driven by fears and anxieties about social issues. This reaction typically involves a heightened concern that certain groups, behaviors, or events pose a serious danger to societal norms or values. Moral panics can lead to calls for action, policy changes, sanctions, or even criminalization of particular behaviors.

In contrast, while the other terms also relate to societal reactions, they do not capture the same intensity or focus on perceived threats in the way that moral panic does. For instance, moral outrage typically involves a strong emotional response to a situation deemed morally unacceptable, but it does not necessarily imply a widespread societal fear. Risk assessment refers to evaluating the potential risks associated with certain behaviors or events, but it is more analytical and not inherently linked to societal reaction. Public hysteria suggests a collective emotional reaction that may not necessarily be tied to a moral framework, and it can sometimes manifest in various contexts, not just concerning moral issues. Thus, moral panic encapsulates the specific context of societies mobilizing around perceived threats in a distinctly exaggerated manner.